RDF Pellet mphero

“Kuipitsa kwa azungu ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe likukumana ndi chitukuko cha anthu. Kuchokera m'zaka za zana la 21, pakhala kuwonekera kwa kuwonongeka kwa zachilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo mayiko ambiri apereka malamulo okhwima olimbikitsa chitukuko cha malonda. Mu Januwale 2020, dziko langa lidayambanso "kuchepetsa" Pulasitiki "lasandulika" Kuletsa pulasitiki ", komwe kumayendetsa makampani opanga mapulasitiki oyipa kuyambira pomwe adayamba kulowa nyengo yakukula mwachangu. Chifukwa chakukula kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kwakanthawi, mpikisano wamakampani wapano ndiwosokonekera komanso wosasankha. Ndikotheka kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zili pachimake Khalani gulu lotsogola ndikutsogolera zaka zabwino.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mfundo zitatu zofunika kulowa mumsika wapulasitiki womwe ungawonongeke, kuphatikizapo "kutumizirako anthu mwachangu, kuyang'ana kwambiri mfundo zazikulu, komanso kuchepetsa mtengo", kuti apereke chilimbikitso pakukula kwamtsogolo kwamakampani ena, makamaka pakupanga zisankho ndi kasamalidwe ka otsogolera mabungwe.

"Kuletsa pulasitiki" kwatulutsidwa, msika wamapulasitiki wotsika udayambitsidwa

Msika wamapulasitiki wosungunuka mdziko langa wayamba kale mu 2012. Komabe, chifukwa chakuchepa kwa msika koyambirira, mitengo yayikulu ya zinthu zopangira komanso mphamvu zochepa pakupanga, chitukuko chonse chamakampani chakhala chochedwa. Makampani ena omwe adalowa msika kale adakakamizidwa kuti asinthe chifukwa chakuchepa kwamaoda kwakanthawi. Mpaka Januware 2020, "Maganizo Olimbikitsanso Chithandizo cha Kuwononga Pulasitiki" (yomwe pano idzatchedwa "Pulasitiki Yoletsa Lamulo") idaperekedwa, yofuna kuletsa mwadongosolo ndikuletsa kupanga, kugulitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina zapulasitiki, mwachangu kutsatsa malonda azinthu zina, ndikutsatira mwalamulo "Mapulasitiki ochepa" adasandulika "Mapulasitiki Oletsedwa" (onani Chithunzi 1).

Zokhudzidwa ndi izi, msika wamapulasitiki omwe amatha kuwonongeka, womwe umalowa m'malo mwa mapulasitiki achikhalidwe, wakula kwambiri, ndipo malamulo akwera kwambiri. Munthawi ya "Mapulani a Zaka Zisanu ndi Zisanu", msika wamapulasitiki omwe ungathe kuwonongeka uzikula pamlingo wokulira wapakati pa 11.3% ndikufika 500 Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zopitilira Yuan zopitilira 100 miliyoni (onani Chithunzi 2).

Nthawi yomweyo, mtengo wazinthu zotsika mtengo za pulasitiki wakwera mchaka chatha. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo wa PLA chiletso cha pulasitiki chisanachitike chinali 20,000 yuan / ton, ndipo mtengo wamsika m'malo ena wafika 50 yuan / ton. Izi zimathandizira phindu lonse pamsika. Mwachitsanzo, phindu lokwanira m'makampani otsogola monga Kingfa Technology ndi Yifan Pharmaceutical ali pafupi ndi 40% mu 2019 ndi 2020, komwe kukuwonjezeka kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi 2018 (onani Chithunzi 3).

Masitepe atatu pamsika wowoneka bwino wa pulasitiki

1. Kapangidwe koyambirira

Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa msika kwakanthawi koyambirira m'masiku oyambilira, kuthekera kwa kupanga kwa pulasitiki wosungunuka kukukulira pang'onopang'ono. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuyambira 2012 mpaka 2020, chiwerengerochi chimakhala ndi chiwongola dzanja cha pachaka cha 9.63%, ndipo chidzafika matani 480,000 pachaka pofika 2020. Mtengo wamsika ndi matani 640,000 / chaka, ndipo kusiyana kwa mphamvu kumakhala kwakukulu (onani Chithunzi 4).

Nthawi yomweyo, mipata yopanga opanga opanga yayikulu ndiyochepa. Magawo atatu apamwamba pamsika wa Kingfa Technology, Longdu Tianren Biology, ndi Yunyoucheng Biology amangokhala ndi matani 70,000 / chaka ndi matani 50,000 / chaka motsatana mu 2020., matani 50,000 / chaka. Titha kunena kuti aliyense amene angatsogolere pomaliza kukonza mphamvu zogwiritsa ntchito athe kutenga mwayi wopeza gawo lalikulu, ndipo sizovuta kupeza kumbuyo.

Koma "nthawi siyidikira aliyense," ndipo kulimbitsa mpikisano sikungapeweke mtsogolo. Zimamveka kuti makampani pakadali pano akukulira, ndipo achulukitsa mphamvu zopanga zopitilira matani 8 miliyoni / chaka mzaka zingapo zikubwerazi (zomwe PBAT, PLA, ndi PHA ndi matani miliyoni 3.48 / chaka, matani miliyoni 3.46 / chaka , ndi matani 100,000 / chaka motsatana), Ndi matani mamiliyoni 3.7 okha omwe angowonjezeredwa kumene omwe atsimikiziridwa kuchokera ku 2021 mpaka 2022. Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto lazoperewera ndalama, opanga zazikulu nawonso atenga njira zingapo ndikuwonetsa kuthekera kwawo kwamatsenga. Mwachitsanzo, a Changhong Hi-Tech adalengeza pa Meyi 21, 2021, ndondomeko yotulutsa ndalama zomwe zingasinthidwe, zomwe zikukonzekera kupereka mabungwe osinthana ndi ndalama zosapitirira 700 miliyoni yuan (kuphatikiza). , Nthawi yazaka 6, ndalama zomwe akweza zikukonzekera kugwiritsidwa ntchito "ntchito matani 600,000 a ntchito yopanga zida zamagetsi yopangira zida zamagetsi (gawo loyamba) yachiwiri"; Jindan Technology ndi kulengeza kusintha polojekiti ntchito zotolera ndalama mu January 2021, pamodzi ndi 'Lamulolo za pulasitiki "Pakuti ndondomeko komanso tsogolo msika zinthu zipangizo biodegradable, kampani ' m kasamalidwe amakhulupirira kuti m'pofunika moyenera kukuza asidi polylactic kupanga mphamvu kwa matani 10,000 opangidwa koyambirira. Panopa, kampani ' gulu m la oyang'anira akukonzekeretsa ogwira zogwirizana yosanthula ndi kusonyeza kuthekera kwa yowonjezera ndalama lonse la polojekitiyi. Ndipo kukhazikitsa dongosolo.

2. Mvetsetsani mfundo zazikuluzikulu

Malinga ndi 2020 "Plastic Prohibition Order", pali mitundu inayi yazinthu zamapulasitiki zomwe zimangoletsedwa: matumba apulasitiki, zotengera zapulasitiki zotayidwa, zotayika zapulasitiki m'mahotelo ndikuwonetsera pulasitiki, kupanga matumba apulasitiki opyapyala kwambiri mafilimu ang'onoang'ono azaulimi Ndipo malonda nawonso amaletsedwa. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa mapulasitiki owonongeka m'mafakitalewa ndiotsika, okwera kwambiri ndi 25% m'makampani owonetsa, ndipo otsika kwambiri ndi 3% m'mafilimu azamaulimi, omwe ndiotsika poyerekeza ndi 30% United States, Netherlands ndi mayiko ena (onani Chithunzi 6).

M'tsogolomu, mapulasitiki omwe amatha kuwonongeka akuyenera kupititsa patsogolo kutchuka kwawo m'magawo ambiri monga kutumizira mwachangu, kunyamula, zikwama zogulira, ndi zina zambiri. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiike chidwi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndikotchuka, ndipo pakufunika kwakukulu njira zina zokhazikitsira zinthu. Mndandanda wa miyezo yadziko lonse ya "Express Packaging Supplies" yomwe idalengezedwa mu 2018 idanenanso koyamba kuti "kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane kuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki oyipa". Akuyerekeza kuti kutumizidwa kwapakhomo kumadya pafupifupi matani 1.52 miliyoni a mapulasitiki owonongeka mu 2025.

Ma takeaways akukula mwachangu, ndipo pali kuthekera kwakukulu kosinthira tableware yotayika. Mu 2017, Meituan Takeaway, mabungwe ogulitsa mafakitale ndi mitundu ingapo yazakudya mogwirizana adakhazikitsa "Green Takeaway Industry Convention (Green Ten Articles)". Akuyerekeza kuti malonda akunyumba ndi akunja adzawononga pafupifupi matani 460,000 a mapulasitiki omwe amatha kuwonongeka mu 2025.

Nthawi zina, kufunika kwa matumba ogula kumakhala kolimba, ndipo kuchuluka kolowera koyenera kukuyenera kukonzedwa. Ngakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa matumba apulasitiki kwatsika kwambiri kuyambira pomwe kukhazikitsidwa kwa "lamulo loletsa pulasitiki" mu 2008, kugwiritsa ntchito matumba apulasitiki kunali kovuta kuchepa chifukwa chazofunikira zina pazinthu zina. Akuti makampani ogulitsa matumba adzagwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki pafupifupi 240,000 owola kuwonongeka mu 2025. Ton.

Kanema wachikhalidwe chachikhalidwe ali ndi kuipitsa kwakukulu, ndipo makampaniwa ali ndi malo okwanira osinthira. Mafilimu achikhalidwe a polyethylene amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku China, akusowa njira zothandizira, ndipo zimakhudza nthaka ndi mbewu. Mafilimu osungunuka omwe ali ndi zotsekemera amakhala ndi ziyembekezo zabwino zakukula, koma kukula kwakampani kukuchedwa. Zomwe akuyembekezerazi zikuyenera kukhala matani 150,000 mu 2025.

3. Kuchepetsa ndalama

Mtengo wa mapulasitiki osawonongeka monga PP, PET, PE ndiotsika, ndipo mtengo wamapulasitiki owonongeka ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa iwo. Pakadali pano, mitengo yamapulasitiki owonongeka monga PLA, PHA, ndi PBAT ndi RMB 16,000 mpaka RMB 30,000 / ton ndi RMB 40,000 / ton motsatana. Matani, pafupifupi 14,000 mpaka 25,000 yuan / ton, yomwe ndi nthawi 2 ~ 5 pamtengo wa PE, pomwe mtengo wa PCL ndiwokwera 70,000 yuan / ton, yomwe ndi nthawi 9.5 pamtengo wa PE (onani Chithunzi 7).

Mitengo yayikulu yazida zopangira, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wotsika, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa ndizo zifukwa zazikulu zitatu zomwe zimapangitsa mitengo yamapulasitiki yowonongeka mdziko langa. Kutenga PLA monga chitsanzo, njira imodzi imakhala yotsika mtengo koma yosavomerezeka, ndipo njira ziwiri zimakhala ndi zabwino kwambiri. Imeneyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino kwambiri, koma mtengo wake ndiwokwera, pafupifupi maulendo 2.3 kuposa njira imodzi. Momwe mungakwaniritsire kukhala oyera kwambiri komanso wotsika mtengo ndichinsinsi chothandizira kukulitsa kulowerera ndikupambana mpikisano pamsika: Mwachitsanzo, Total Corbion, kampani yolumikizana ndi NatureWorks ku United States, Total ku France, ndi Corbion ku Netherlands, ili ndi mtengo wotsika ndi njira yokonzekera kuyera kwambiri pakukonzekera pakati pa PLA - lactide Kutsogolera msika wapadziko lonse, gawo logwira ntchito mu 2020 lidzafika ku 29.04% ndi 14.52% (Chithunzi 8)

Kuyang'anitsitsa dzikolo, makampani omwe akutsogolera akuwunikiranso zopinga zaukadaulo kudzera mu R&D yodziyimira payokha komanso mgwirizano wa R&D kuti athe kupeza phindu. Mwachitsanzo, Zhejiang Hisun ndi Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry aphatikizira limodzi njira zaukadaulo wa lactide, zomwe zakhala zikugwira bwino ntchito yopanga olumikizidwa ku intaneti ndikupeza kudzipangira pang'ono; COFCO Technology ndi Belgian Gelat agwirizana kuti apange chimanga-lactic acid-lactide-polylactic acid ku Anhui. Zomwe zimayambira pamakampani onse zakhala zikukwanitsa kupanga ukadaulo waukadaulo ndiukadaulo wa lactide. Kuphatikiza apo, Institute of Physics and Chemistry ya Chinese Academy of Sciences yakhazikitsa ukadaulo wopanga wa PBAT wokhala ndi mtengo wotsika, makina apamwamba, komanso chitetezo chachilengedwe. Makampani monga Huiying New Materials, Jinhui Zhaolong ndi Yuetai Biotechnology alandila ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito chilolezo, zomwe zatsimikizanso mpaka pamlingo winawake. Mavuto okwera mtengo.


Post nthawi: Jul-23-2021

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